Recent proprietary large language models (LLMs), such as GPT-4, have achieved a milestone in tackling diverse challenges in the biomedical domain, ranging from multiple-choice questions to long-form generations. To address challenges that still cannot be handled with the encoded knowledge of LLMs, various retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods have been developed by searching documents from the knowledge corpus and appending them unconditionally or selectively to the input of LLMs for generation. However, when applying existing methods to different domain-specific problems, poor generalization becomes apparent, leading to fetching incorrect documents or making inaccurate judgments. In this paper, we introduce Self-BioRAG, a framework reliable for biomedical text that specializes in generating explanations, retrieving domain-specific documents, and self-reflecting generated responses. We utilize 84k filtered biomedical instruction sets to train Self-BioRAG that can assess its generated explanations with customized reflective tokens. Our work proves that domain-specific components, such as a retriever, domain-related document corpus, and instruction sets are necessary for adhering to domain-related instructions. Using three major medical question-answering benchmark datasets, experimental results of Self-BioRAG demonstrate significant performance gains by achieving a 7.2% absolute improvement on average over the state-of-the-art open-foundation model with a parameter size of 7B or less. Overall, we analyze that Self-BioRAG finds the clues in the question, retrieves relevant documents if needed, and understands how to answer with information from retrieved documents and encoded knowledge as a medical expert does. We release our data and code for training our framework components and model weights (7B and 13B) to enhance capabilities in biomedical and clinical domains.

自主生物文档检索增强式生成（Self-BioRAG）是一种可靠的生物医学文本生成解释、检索特定领域文档，并进行自我反思的框架。通过使用84k个过滤后的生物医学指令集训练Self-BioRAG，它可以使用定制的反思标记评估其生成的解释。实验结果表明，Self-BioRAG在三个主要的医学问答基准数据集上实现了显著的性能增益，平均绝对改进率为7.2％，超过了参数大小为7B或更少的最先进的开放式基础模型。我们将数据和模型权重（7B和13B）发布出来，以增强生物医学和临床领域的能力。

借助具备检索增强功能的大型语言模型改进医学推理