Can AI and humans genuinely communicate? In this article, after giving some background and motivating my proposal (sections 1 to 3), I explore a way to answer this question that I call the "mental-behavioral methodology" (sections 4 and 5). This methodology follows the following three steps: First, spell out what mental capacities are sufficient for human communication (as opposed to communication more generally). Second, spell out the experimental paradigms required to test whether a behavior exhibits these capacities. Third, apply or adapt these paradigms to test whether an AI displays the relevant behaviors. If the first two steps are successfully completed, and if the AI passes the tests with human-like results, this constitutes evidence that this AI and humans can genuinely communicate. This mental-behavioral methodology has the advantage that we don't need to understand the workings of black-box algorithms, such as standard deep neural networks. This is comparable to the fact that we don't need to understand how human brains work to know that humans can genuinely communicate. This methodology also has its disadvantages and I will discuss some of them (section 6).

AI和人类是否能够真正地进行沟通是这篇文章探讨的主题，作者提出了一种称为“心理行为方法论”的方式来回答这个问题，并通过三个步骤来证明：首先，明确人类沟通所需的心理能力；其次，明确测试这些能力的实验范例；最后，应用或调整这些范例，测试AI是否展现出相关的行为。如果前两个步骤成功完成，并且AI在测试中表现出与人类类似的结果，这就是AI和人类真正沟通的证据。

人工智能和人类能够真正交流吗？