Last couple of years have witnessed a tremendous progress in self-supervised learning (SSL), the success of which can be attributed to the introduction of useful inductive biases in the learning process to learn meaningful visual representations while avoiding collapse. These inductive biases and constraints manifest themselves in the form of different optimization formulations in the SSL techniques, e.g. by utilizing negative examples in a contrastive formulation, or exponential moving average and predictor in BYOL and SimSiam. In this paper, we provide a framework to explain the stability mechanism of these different SSL techniques: i) we discuss the working mechanism of contrastive techniques like SimCLR, non-contrastive techniques like BYOL, SWAV, SimSiam, Barlow Twins, and DINO; ii) we provide an argument that despite different formulations these methods implicitly optimize a similar objective function, i.e. minimizing the magnitude of the expected representation over all data samples, or the mean of the data distribution, while maximizing the magnitude of the expected representation of individual samples over different data augmentations; iii) we provide mathematical and empirical evidence to support our framework. We formulate different hypotheses and test them using the Imagenet100 dataset.

通过解释对比技术如SimCLR和非对比技术如BYOL、SWAV、SimSiam、Barlow Twins和DINO的工作机制，提供了稳定机制的框架，论证了这些不同的自监督学习技术在隐式上优化类似的目标函数，同时提供数学和经验数据支持。

大多数自监督学习方法背后的共同稳定性机制