This study investigates the concept of the `right to be forgotten' within the context of large language models (LLMs). We explore machine unlearning as a pivotal solution, with a focus on pre-trained models--a notably under-researched area. Our research delineates a comprehensive framework for machine unlearning in pre-trained LLMs, encompassing a critical analysis of seven diverse unlearning methods. Through rigorous evaluation using curated datasets from arXiv, books, and GitHub, we establish a robust benchmark for unlearning performance, demonstrating that these methods are over $10^5$ times more computationally efficient than retraining. Our results show that integrating gradient ascent with gradient descent on in-distribution data improves hyperparameter robustness. We also provide detailed guidelines for efficient hyperparameter tuning in the unlearning process. Our findings advance the discourse on ethical AI practices, offering substantive insights into the mechanics of machine unlearning for pre-trained LLMs and underscoring the potential for responsible AI development.

通过对预训练大语言模型的机器遗忘进行综合研究，我们探讨了‘被遗忘权’的概念，重点关注了尚未充分研究的预训练模型领域。通过对来自arXiv、书籍和GitHub的精选数据集进行严格评估，我们建立了机器遗忘性能的鲁棒基准，并证明这些方法的计算效率比重新训练高出10^5倍。我们的研究结果表明，在分布数据上将梯度上升与梯度下降相结合可以提高超参数的稳健性。此外，我们还提供了高效超参数调整的详细指南。我们的发现推动了关于道德AI实践的讨论，为预训练大语言模型的机器遗忘机制提供了实质性的见解，并强调了负责任的AI发展的潜力。

预训练大型语言模型的机器消除学习