In recent years, deep reinforcement learning has emerged as a technique to solve closed-loop flow control problems. Employing simulation-based environments in reinforcement learning enables a priori end-to-end optimization of the control system, provides a virtual testbed for safety-critical control applications, and allows to gain a deep understanding of the control mechanisms. While reinforcement learning has been applied successfully in a number of rather simple flow control benchmarks, a major bottleneck toward real-world applications is the high computational cost and turnaround time of flow simulations. In this contribution, we demonstrate the benefits of model-based reinforcement learning for flow control applications. Specifically, we optimize the policy by alternating between trajectories sampled from flow simulations and trajectories sampled from an ensemble of environment models. The model-based learning reduces the overall training time by up to $85\%$ for the fluidic pinball test case. Even larger savings are expected for more demanding flow simulations.

深度强化学习在闭环流控问题中应用模拟环境进行优化，通过模型和流模拟样本相互交替训练，有效减少流控应用中的计算时间，尤其对于复杂流模拟有着潜在的巨大节约。

基于模型的深度强化学习加速流体模拟的学习