This paper aims to address a common challenge in deep learning-based image transformation methods, such as image enhancement and super-resolution, which heavily rely on precisely aligned paired datasets with pixel-level alignments. However, creating precisely aligned paired images presents significant challenges and hinders the advancement of methods trained on such data. To overcome this challenge, this paper introduces a novel and simple Frequency Distribution Loss (FDL) for computing distribution distance within the frequency domain. Specifically, we transform image features into the frequency domain using Discrete Fourier Transformation (DFT). Subsequently, frequency components (amplitude and phase) are processed separately to form the FDL loss function. Our method is empirically proven effective as a training constraint due to the thoughtful utilization of global information in the frequency domain. Extensive experimental evaluations, focusing on image enhancement and super-resolution tasks, demonstrate that FDL outperforms existing misalignment-robust loss functions. Furthermore, we explore the potential of our FDL for image style transfer that relies solely on completely misaligned data. Our code is available at: https://github.com/eezkni/FDL

该研究论文引入了一种新颖且简单的频率分布损失（FDL）来解决深度学习图像转换方法中常见的问题，通过在频率域内计算分布距离来克服依赖像素级准确对齐的配对数据集所带来的挑战，并证明了FDL相比现有的鲁棒性较差的损失函数在图像增强和超分辨率任务中的优越性。

图像转换的鲁棒频率分布损失函数