While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional multitasking abilities, fine-tuning these models on downstream, domain-specific datasets is often necessary to yield superior performance on test sets compared to their counterparts without fine-tuning. However, the comprehensive effects of fine-tuning on the LLMs' generalization ability are not fully understood. This paper delves into the differences between original, unmodified LLMs and their fine-tuned variants. Our primary investigation centers on whether fine-tuning affects the generalization ability intrinsic to LLMs. To elaborate on this, we conduct extensive experiments across five distinct language tasks on various datasets. Our main findings reveal that models fine-tuned on generation and classification tasks exhibit dissimilar behaviors in generalizing to different domains and tasks. Intriguingly, we observe that integrating the in-context learning strategy during fine-tuning on generation tasks can enhance the model's generalization ability. Through this systematic investigation, we aim to contribute valuable insights into the evolving landscape of fine-tuning practices for LLMs.

这篇论文研究了大型语言模型（LLMs）和它们经过微调后的变体之间的差异，尤其关注微调对LLMs内在泛化能力的影响。通过在不同任务和数据集上进行广泛的实验，研究发现微调应用于生成任务和分类任务的模型在泛化到不同领域和任务时表现出不同的行为，并且在生成任务的微调中整合上下文学习策略可以增强模型的泛化能力。通过这一系统性研究，旨在为LLMs的微调实践做出有价值的贡献。

揭示了细调的大型语言模型的泛化能力