Satellite imagery is crucial for tasks like environmental monitoring and urban planning. Typically, it relies on semantic segmentation or Land Use Land Cover (LULC) classification to categorize each pixel. Despite the advancements brought about by Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), their performance in segmentation tasks is hindered by challenges such as limited availability of labeled data, class imbalance and the inherent variability and complexity of satellite images. In order to mitigate those issues, our study explores the effectiveness of a Cut-and-Paste augmentation technique for semantic segmentation in satellite images. We adapt this augmentation, which usually requires labeled instances, to the case of semantic segmentation. By leveraging the connected components in the semantic segmentation labels, we extract instances that are then randomly pasted during training. Using the DynamicEarthNet dataset and a U-Net model for evaluation, we found that this augmentation significantly enhances the mIoU score on the test set from 37.9 to 44.1. This finding highlights the potential of the Cut-and-Paste augmentation to improve the generalization capabilities of semantic segmentation models in satellite imagery.

卫星影像重要用于环境监测和城市规划，本研究探索了一个适用于语义分割的剪切粘贴增强技术，通过利用语义分割标签中的联通组件，从而在训练过程中随机粘贴提取的实例，实验结果表明，这种增强技术显著提升了语义分割模型的平均交并比得分，从37.9提升至44.1，彰显了其在卫星影像中提高模型泛化能力的潜力。

评估切割粘贴数据增强在遥感图像语义分割中的有效性