Driven by the recent advances in deep learning methods and, in particular, by the development of modern self-supervised learning algorithms, increased interest and efforts have been devoted to build foundation models (FMs) for medical images. In this work, we present our scalable training pipeline for large pathology imaging data, and a comprehensive analysis of various hyperparameter choices and training techniques for building pathology FMs. We release and make publicly available the first batch of our pathology FMs (https://github.com/kaiko-ai/towards_large_pathology_fms) trained on open-access TCGA whole slide images, a commonly used collection of pathology images. The experimental evaluation shows that our models reach state-of-the-art performance on various patch-level downstream tasks, ranging from breast cancer subtyping to colorectal nuclear segmentation. Finally, to unify the evaluation approaches used in the field and to simplify future comparisons of different FMs, we present an open-source framework (https://github.com/kaiko-ai/eva) designed for the consistent evaluation of pathology FMs across various downstream tasks.

本文介绍了基于现代自监督学习算法的深度学习方法的最新进展，以及构建医学图像基础模型的相关工作。我们通过扩展性强的训练流程和综合分析不同超参数选择和训练技术，构建了一系列针对病理学图像的基础模型，并经过实验评估，在乳腺癌亚型分类和结肠癌核分割等不同任务上达到了最先进的性能水平。最后，为了统一领域内的评估方法并简化不同基础模型的比较，我们还提供了开源框架，用于在不同任务中一致评估病理学基础模型。

大规模病理基础模型训练之路