As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly become key components in various AI applications, understanding their security vulnerabilities and the effectiveness of defense mechanisms is crucial. This survey examines the security challenges of LLMs, focusing on two main areas: Prompt Hacking and Adversarial Attacks, each with specific types of threats. Under Prompt Hacking, we explore Prompt Injection and Jailbreaking Attacks, discussing how they work, their potential impacts, and ways to mitigate them. Similarly, we analyze Adversarial Attacks, breaking them down into Data Poisoning Attacks and Backdoor Attacks. This structured examination helps us understand the relationships between these vulnerabilities and the defense strategies that can be implemented. The survey highlights these security challenges and discusses robust defensive frameworks to protect LLMs against these threats. By detailing these security issues, the survey contributes to the broader discussion on creating resilient AI systems that can resist sophisticated attacks.

大型语言模型是各种人工智能应用中的关键组件，理解它们的安全漏洞和防御机制的有效性至关重要。本文调查了LLMs的安全挑战，重点关注两个主要领域：Prompt Hacking和Adversarial Attacks，每个领域都有特定类型的威胁。通过对Prompt Hacking和Adversarial Attacks的分析，研究了它们的工作原理、潜在影响以及缓解方法。调查强调了这些安全挑战，并讨论了保护LLMs免受这些威胁的强大防御框架。通过详细阐述这些安全问题，调查为抵御复杂攻击的坚韧人工智能系统的构建提供了宝贵的讨论。

大型语言模型中的漏洞和保护探索: 调查