3D multiple object tracking (MOT) plays a crucial role in autonomous driving perception. Recent end-to-end query-based trackers simultaneously detect and track objects, which have shown promising potential for the 3D MOT task. However, existing methods overlook the uncertainty issue, which refers to the lack of precise confidence about the state and location of tracked objects. Uncertainty arises owing to various factors during motion observation by cameras, especially occlusions and the small size of target objects, resulting in an inaccurate estimation of the object's position, label, and identity. To this end, we propose an Uncertainty-Aware 3D MOT framework, UA-Track, which tackles the uncertainty problem from multiple aspects. Specifically, we first introduce an Uncertainty-aware Probabilistic Decoder to capture the uncertainty in object prediction with probabilistic attention. Secondly, we propose an Uncertainty-guided Query Denoising strategy to further enhance the training process. We also utilize Uncertainty-reduced Query Initialization, which leverages predicted 2D object location and depth information to reduce query uncertainty. As a result, our UA-Track achieves state-of-the-art performance on the nuScenes benchmark, i.e., 66.3% AMOTA on the test split, surpassing the previous best end-to-end solution by a significant margin of 8.9% AMOTA.

提出了UA-Track，一种能够解决3D多目标跟踪中存在的不确定性问题的框架，包括不确定性感知解码器、不确定性引导的查询去噪策略以及借助不确定性降低查询不确定性的方法。在nuScenes数据集上，UA-Track在测试集上取得了66.3%的AMOTA，超过了之前最佳的端到端解决方案8.9%的AMOTA。

UA-Track: 不确定性感知的端到端三维多目标跟踪