Social bias is shaped by the accumulation of social perceptions towards targets across various demographic identities. To fully understand such social bias in large language models (LLMs), it is essential to consider the composite of social perceptions from diverse perspectives among identities. Previous studies have either evaluated biases in LLMs by indirectly assessing the presence of sentiments towards demographic identities in the generated text or measuring the degree of alignment with given stereotypes. These methods have limitations in directly quantifying social biases at the level of distinct perspectives among identities. In this paper, we aim to investigate how social perceptions from various viewpoints contribute to the development of social bias in LLMs. To this end, we propose a novel strategy to intuitively quantify these social perceptions and suggest metrics that can evaluate the social biases within LLMs by aggregating diverse social perceptions. The experimental results show the quantitative demonstration of the social attitude in LLMs by examining social perception. The analysis we conducted shows that our proposed metrics capture the multi-dimensional aspects of social bias, enabling a fine-grained and comprehensive investigation of bias in LLMs.

社会偏见在大型语言模型中是由各种人口统计学特征的目标的社会感知的积累所塑造的。为了全面理解大型语言模型中的这种社会偏见，必须考虑到各种身份认同之间多元观点下的社会感知。本文旨在研究各种视角的社会感知如何影响大型语言模型中社会偏见的发展。为此，我们提出了一种直观量化这些社会感知的新策略，并提出了可以通过汇集多样化的社会感知评估大型语言模型中社会偏见的度量标准。实验结果通过检查社会感知定量地展示了大型语言模型中的社会态度。我们进行的分析表明，我们提出的度量标准捕捉到了社会偏见的多维方面，从而实现了对大型语言模型中偏见的细致全面的调查。

直接问LLMs：“是什么塑造了你的偏见？”：评估大型语言模型中的社会偏见