Convolutional neural networks have been successfully extended to operate on graphs, giving rise to Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). GNNs combine information from adjacent nodes by successive applications of graph convolutions. GNNs have been implemented successfully in various learning tasks while the theoretical understanding of their generalization capability is still in progress. In this paper, we leverage manifold theory to analyze the statistical generalization gap of GNNs operating on graphs constructed on sampled points from manifolds. We study the generalization gaps of GNNs on both node-level and graph-level tasks. We show that the generalization gaps decrease with the number of nodes in the training graphs, which guarantees the generalization of GNNs to unseen points over manifolds. We validate our theoretical results in multiple real-world datasets.

通过流形理论，分析在由流形样本构造的图上操作的图神经网络的统计泛化差距，研究了图神经网络在节点级和图级任务上的泛化差距。在训练图中节点数量增加时，泛化差距减小，从而保证图神经网络对流形上的未见点的泛化性能。通过多个真实世界数据集验证了我们的理论结果。

图神经网络在统计泛化中的多样视角