Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in the innovation of many disciplines. However, how they can best be developed for oncology remains underdeveloped. State-of-the-art OpenAI models were fine-tuned on a clinical dataset and clinical guidelines text corpus for two important cancer treatment factors, adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy, using a novel Langchain prompt engineering pipeline. A high accuracy (0.85+) was achieved in the classification of adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy for breast cancer patients. Furthermore, a confidence interval was formed from observational data on the quality of treatment from human oncologists to estimate the proportion of scenarios in which the model must outperform the original oncologist in its treatment prediction to be a better solution overall as 8.2% to 13.3%. Due to indeterminacy in the outcomes of cancer treatment decisions, future investigation, potentially a clinical trial, would be required to determine if this threshold was met by the models. Nevertheless, with 85% of U.S. cancer patients receiving treatment at local community facilities, these kinds of models could play an important part in expanding access to quality care with outcomes that lie, at minimum, close to a human oncologist.

使用Langchain提示工程流程，Fine-tune 基于临床数据和临床指南文本语料库的先进OpenAI模型，实现了对乳腺癌患者的辅助放疗和化疗的高准确率（0.85+）分类。通过从人类肿瘤学家的观察数据建立信心区间，估计模型必须在治疗预测中超过原始肿瘤学家的比例为8.2％至13.3％。尽管肿瘤治疗决策结果的不确定性，但未来研究，可能是临床试验，需要确定这一阈值是否被模型满足。然而，因为85％的美国癌症患者在本地社区设施接受治疗，这些模型在扩大获取质量护理的同时，最小程度上接近人类肿瘤学家将发挥重要作用。

乳腺癌肿瘤的大型语言模型流水线