Large Language Models (LLMs) are valuable for text classification, but their vulnerabilities must not be disregarded. They lack robustness against adversarial examples, so it is pertinent to understand the impacts of different types of perturbations, and assess if those attacks could be replicated by common users with a small amount of perturbations and a small number of queries to a deployed LLM. This work presents an analysis of the effectiveness, efficiency, and practicality of three different types of adversarial attacks against five different LLMs in a sentiment classification task. The obtained results demonstrated the very distinct impacts of the word-level and character-level attacks. The word attacks were more effective, but the character and more constrained attacks were more practical and required a reduced number of perturbations and queries. These differences need to be considered during the development of adversarial defense strategies to train more robust LLMs for intelligent text classification applications.

使用五种不同的大型语言模型（LLMs）进行情感分类任务时，针对三种不同类型的对抗攻击，该研究分析了攻击的有效性、效率和实用性，发现词级攻击更有效，而字符级攻击则更实用且所需的改动和查询数量较少，因此在开发对抗性防御策略以训练更具鲁棒性的LLMs用于智能文本分类应用时需考虑这些差异。

对大规模语言模型的对抗欺骗攻击效率