Medical dialogue systems have attracted significant attention for their potential to act as medical assistants. Enabling these medical systems to emulate clinicians' diagnostic reasoning process has been the long-standing research focus. Previous studies rudimentarily realized the simulation of clinicians' diagnostic process by fine-tuning language models on high-quality dialogue datasets. Nonetheless, they overly focus on the outcomes of the clinician's reasoning process while ignoring their internal thought processes and alignment with clinician preferences. Our work aims to build a medical dialogue system that aligns with clinicians' diagnostic reasoning processes. We propose a novel framework, Emulation, designed to generate an appropriate response that relies on abductive and deductive diagnostic reasoning analyses and aligns with clinician preferences through thought process modeling. Experimental results on two datasets confirm the efficacy of Emulation. Crucially, our framework furnishes clear explanations for the generated responses, enhancing its transparency in medical consultations.

通过仿真临床医生的诊断推理过程来构建与临床医生诊断推理过程相一致的医疗对话系统，提出了一种新颖的Emulation框架，通过思维过程建模，生成与临床医生偏好相一致的妥当回应，并且为生成的回应提供明确的解释，增强了在医学咨询中的透明度。

如医师般推理：通过诊断推理过程对医疗对话系统进行改进