Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional task-solving capabilities, increasingly adopting roles akin to human-like assistants. The broader integration of LLMs into society has sparked interest in whether they manifest psychological attributes, and whether these attributes are stable-inquiries that could deepen the understanding of their behaviors. Inspired by psychometrics, this paper presents a framework for investigating psychology in LLMs, including psychological dimension identification, assessment dataset curation, and assessment with results validation. Following this framework, we introduce a comprehensive psychometrics benchmark for LLMs that covers six psychological dimensions: personality, values, emotion, theory of mind, motivation, and intelligence. This benchmark includes thirteen datasets featuring diverse scenarios and item types. Our findings indicate that LLMs manifest a broad spectrum of psychological attributes. We also uncover discrepancies between LLMs' self-reported traits and their behaviors in real-world scenarios. This paper demonstrates a thorough psychometric assessment of LLMs, providing insights into reliable evaluation and potential applications in AI and social sciences.

本论文提出了一个研究大语言模型的心理学的框架，并通过心理测试验证，发现大语言模型表现出广泛的心理属性，并揭示了自我报告特征与现实场景中行为之间的差异。这些研究结果对于可靠的评估和人工智能以及社会科学的潜在应用具有重要的见解。

量化AI心理学：大型语言模型的心理测量基准