The rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs) represents a substantial leap forward in natural language understanding and generation. However, alongside these advancements come significant challenges related to the accountability and transparency of LLM responses. Reliable source attribution is essential to adhering to stringent legal and regulatory standards, including those set forth by the General Data Protection Regulation. Despite the well-established methods in source attribution within the computer vision domain, the application of robust attribution frameworks to natural language processing remains underexplored. To bridge this gap, we propose a novel and versatile TRansformer-based Attribution framework using Contrastive Embeddings called TRACE that, in particular, exploits contrastive learning for source attribution. We perform an extensive empirical evaluation to demonstrate the performance and efficiency of TRACE in various settings and show that TRACE significantly improves the ability to attribute sources accurately, making it a valuable tool for enhancing the reliability and trustworthiness of LLMs.

作者提出了一种新颖而多用途的基于TRansformer的自带对比嵌入的源归因框架TRACE，该框架利用对比学习实现源归因，通过广泛的实证评估证明TRACE在不同场景下的性能和效率，显著改善了源归因的准确性，从而增加了大语言模型的可靠性和可信度。

TRACE：LLM中使用对比嵌入的基于Transformer的归因