This paper studies changes in articulatory configurations across genders and periods using an inversion from acoustic to articulatory parameters. From a diachronic corpus based on French media archives spanning 60 years from 1955 to 2015, automatic transcription and forced alignment allowed extracting the central frame of each vowel. More than one million frames were obtained from over a thousand speakers across gender and age categories. Their formants were used from these vocalic frames to fit the parameters of Maeda's articulatory model. Evaluations of the quality of these processes are provided. We focus here on two parameters of Maeda's model linked to total vocal tract length: the relative position of the larynx (higher for females) and the lips protrusion (more protruded for males). Implications for voice quality across genders are discussed. The effect across periods seems gender independent; thus, the assertion that females lowered their pitch with time is not supported.

本研究探讨了1955年至2015年间法国媒体档案中，跨性别和不同时间段的发音配置变化。通过将声学参数反转为发音参数，分析了来自上千名说话者的超过一百万个音框，发现男性和女性在声道长度相关的发音特征上存在显著差异。研究表明，女性音调随时间变化降低的观点并不成立，对声音质量的影响具有重要意义。

法国广播与电视档案中跨性别与时期的发音配置研究