As AI systems become more advanced, ensuring their alignment with a diverse range of individuals and societal values becomes increasingly critical. But how can we capture fundamental human values and assess the degree to which AI systems align with them? We introduce ValueCompass, a framework of fundamental values, grounded in psychological theory and a systematic review, to identify and evaluate human-AI alignment. We apply ValueCompass to measure the value alignment of humans and language models (LMs) across four real-world vignettes: collaborative writing, education, public sectors, and healthcare. Our findings uncover risky misalignment between humans and LMs, such as LMs agreeing with values like "Choose Own Goals", which are largely disagreed by humans. We also observe values vary across vignettes, underscoring the necessity for context-aware AI alignment strategies. This work provides insights into the design space of human-AI alignment, offering foundations for developing AI that responsibly reflects societal values and ethics.

本研究解决了人工智能系统与人类及社会多样化价值观对齐的问题。提出的价值指南针框架基于心理学理论，对人类与语言模型的价值对齐进行了测量，发现存在潜在的风险性不对齐，强调了基于具体情境的对齐策略的重要性。这一研究为设计符合社会价值与伦理的人工智能提供了基础。 

价值指南针：人类与人工智能对齐的基本价值框架