Web accessibility ensures that individuals with disabilities can access and interact with digital content without barriers, yet a significant majority of most used websites fail to meet accessibility standards. This study evaluates ChatGPT's (GPT-4o) ability to generate and improve web pages in line with Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). While ChatGPT can effectively address accessibility issues when prompted, its default code often lacks compliance, reflecting limitations in its training data and prevailing inaccessible web practices. Automated and manual testing revealed strengths in resolving simple issues but challenges with complex tasks, requiring human oversight and additional iterations. Unlike prior studies, we incorporate manual evaluation, dynamic elements, and use the visual reasoning capability of ChatGPT along with the prompts to fix accessibility issues. Providing screenshots alongside prompts enhances the LLM's ability to address accessibility issues by allowing it to analyze surrounding components, such as determining appropriate contrast colors. We found that effective prompt engineering, such as providing concise, structured feedback and incorporating visual aids, significantly enhances ChatGPT's performance. These findings highlight the potential and limitations of large language models for accessible web development, offering practical guidance for developers to create more inclusive websites.

本研究解决了数字内容中残疾人无障碍访问的问题，评估了ChatGPT (GPT-4o) 生成符合Web内容无障碍指南 (WCAG) 的网页的能力。研究发现，通过有效的提示工程和视觉辅助工具，可以显著改善其性能，但仍需人类监督，特别是在处理复杂任务时，这突显了大型语言模型在无障碍网页开发中的潜力与局限性。

从代码到合规：评估ChatGPT在设计无障碍网页中的实用性——案例研究