There is an overwhelmingly abundance of works in AI Ethics. This growth is chaotic because of how sudden it is, its volume, and its multidisciplinary nature. This makes difficult to keep track of debates, and to systematically characterize goals, research questions, methods, and expertise required by AI ethicists. In this article, I show that the relation between AI and ethics can be characterized in at least three ways, which correspond to three well-represented kinds of AI ethics: ethics and AI; ethics in AI; ethics of AI. I elucidate the features of these three kinds of AI Ethics, characterize their research questions, and identify the kind of expertise that each kind needs. I also show how certain criticisms to AI ethics are misplaced, as being done from the point of view of one kind of AI ethics, to another kind with different goals. All in all, this work sheds light on the nature of AI ethics, and set the grounds for more informed discussions about scope, methods, and trainings of AI ethicists.

本研究针对人工智能伦理领域的混乱现象，系统性地划分出三种类型的伦理关系：伦理与人工智能、人工智能中的伦理、人工智能的伦理。文章阐明了这三种伦理的特征及其所需的研究问题与专业知识，提出某些对人工智能伦理的批评观点不当，从而为更深入的伦理讨论奠定了基础。

三种人工智能伦理