This is a detailed analysis and comparison of the ACT-R and Soar cognitive
architectures, including their overall structure, their representations of
agent data and metadata, and their associated processing. It focuses on working
memory, procedural memory, and long-term declarative memory. I emphasize the
commonalities, which are many, but also highlight the differences. I identify
the processes and distinct classes of information used by these architectures,
including agent data, metadata, and meta-process data, and explore the roles
that metadata play in decision making, memory retrievals, and learning.

本文对 ACT-R 和 Soar 的认知体系结构进行了详细分析和比较，包括它们的总体结构，对代理数据和元数据的表述，以及相关处理。重点关注工作记忆、程序记忆和长期陈述性记忆，强调了两者的共同点和差异，阐明了这些体系结构使用的信息进程和不同类别的信息，包括代理数据、元数据和元进程数据，并探讨了元数据在决策、内存检索和学习中所起的作用。

ACT-R 和 Soar 的分析和比较

An Analysis and Comparison of ACT-R and Soar

In computational cognitive science, the cognitive architecture ACT-R is very
popular. It describes a model of cognition that is amenable to computer
implementation, paving the way for computational psychology. Its underlying
psychological theory has been investigated in many psychological experiments,
but ACT-R lacks a formal definition of its underlying concepts from a
mathematical-computational point of view. Although the canonical implementation
of ACT-R is now modularized, this production rule system is still hard to adapt
and extend in central components like the conflict resolution mechanism (which
decides which of the applicable rules to apply next).
In this work, we present a concise implementation of ACT-R based on
Constraint Handling Rules which has been derived from a formalization in prior
work. To show the adaptability of our approach, we implement several different
conflict resolution mechanisms discussed in the ACT-R literature. This results
in the first implementation of one such mechanism. For the other mechanisms, we
empirically evaluate if our implementation matches the results of reference
implementations of ACT-R.

本文介绍了一种基于约束处理规则的 ACT-R 认知架构的简洁实现，并实现了 ACT-R 中多个不同的冲突解决机制，是第一个实现其中一种机制的文章，文章还对比了其他机制的参考实现的结果。