Altermagnetism, a new magnetic phase, has been theoretically proposed and
experimentally verified to be distinct from ferromagnetism and
antiferromagnetism. Although altermagnets have been found to possess many
exotic physical properties, the very limited availability of known
altermagnetic materials~(e.g., 14 confirmed materials) hinders the study of
such properties. Hence, discovering more types of altermagnetic materials is
crucial for a comprehensive understanding of altermagnetism and thus
facilitating new applications in the next generation information technologies,
e.g., storage devices and high-sensitivity sensors. Here, we report 25 new
altermagnetic materials that cover metals, semiconductors, and insulators,
discovered by an AI search engine unifying symmetry analysis, graph neural
network pre-training, optimal transport theory, and first-principles electronic
structure calculation. The wide range of electronic structural characteristics
reveals that various innovative physical properties manifest in these newly
discovered altermagnetic materials, e.g., anomalous Hall effect, anomalous Kerr
effect, and topological property. Noteworthy, we discovered 8 $i$-wave
altermagnetic materials for the first time. Overall, the AI search engine
performs much better than human experts and suggests a set of new altermagnetic
materials with unique properties, outlining its potential for accelerated
discovery of altermagnetic materials.

在这篇论文中，利用对称性分析、图神经网络预训练、最优传输理论和第一性原理电子结构计算，我们通过一个人工智能搜索引擎发现了涵盖金属、半导体和绝缘体的 25 种新型交替磁性材料，并发现了各种创新的物理性质，在加速发现交替磁性材料方面，人工智能搜索引擎表现优于人类专家。