This paper describes how the field of Combinatorial Semantics has contributed
to the design of three prototypes for the automatic generation of argument
patterns in nominal phrases in Spanish, French and German (Xera, Combinatoria
and CombiContext). It also shows the importance of knowing about the argument
syntactic-semantic interface in a production situation in the context of
foreign languages. After a descriptive section on the design, typologie and
information levels of the resources, there follows an explanation of the
central role of the combinatorial meaning (roles and ontological features). The
study deals with different semantic f ilters applied in the selection,
organization and expansion of the lexicon, being these key pieces for the
generation of grammatically correct and semantically acceptable mono- and
biargumental nominal phrases.

本论文描述了组合语义学如何在西班牙语、法语和德语（Xera、组合和 CombiContext）的自动论证模式生成的三个原型设计方面做出了贡献，并展示了在外语环境下在生产情境中了解论证句法语义界面的重要性；文章讨论了词汇资源的设计、分类和信息层次，以及组合意义（角色和本体特征）的核心作用，同时探讨了应用于词汇选择、组织和扩展的不同语义过滤器作为生成语法正确且语义可接受的单一和双重论证名词短语的关键要素。

语义组合对多语言数字工具的贡献

Contribución de la semántica combinatoria al desarrollo de  herramientas digitales multilingües

What kinds of arguments do people make, and what effect do they have on
others? Normative constraints on argument-making are as old as philosophy
itself, but little is known about the diversity of arguments made in practice.
We use NLP tools to extract patterns of argument-making from the Reddit site
"Change My View" (r/CMV). This reveals six distinct argument patterns: not just
the familiar deductive and inductive forms, but also arguments about
definitions, relevance, possibility and cause, and personal experience. Data
from r/CMV also reveal differences in efficacy: personal experience and, to a
lesser extent, arguments about causation and examples, are most likely to shift
a person's view, while arguments about relevance are the least. Finally, our
methods reveal a gradient of argument-making preferences among users: a
two-axis model, of "personal--impersonal" and "concrete--abstract", can account
for nearly 80% of the strategy variance between individuals.

利用自然语言处理工具从 Reddit 网站的 “Change My View” 中提取论证模式的模式，揭示出六种不同的论证模式，并揭示了论证的不同效力、论证模式的策略变异。