There exists a growing discourse around the domination of Big Tech on the
landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) research, yet our comprehension of
this phenomenon remains cursory. This paper aims to broaden and deepen our
understanding of Big Tech's reach and power within AI research. It highlights
the dominance not merely in terms of sheer publication volume but rather in the
propagation of new ideas or \textit{memes}. Current studies often oversimplify
the concept of influence to the share of affiliations in academic papers,
typically sourced from limited databases such as arXiv or specific academic
conferences.
The main goal of this paper is to unravel the specific nuances of such
influence, determining which AI ideas are predominantly driven by Big Tech
entities. By employing network and memetic analysis on AI-oriented paper
abstracts and their citation network, we are able to grasp a deeper insight
into this phenomenon. By utilizing two databases: OpenAlex and S2ORC, we are
able to perform such analysis on a much bigger scale than previous attempts.
Our findings suggest, that while Big Tech-affiliated papers are
disproportionately more cited in some areas, the most cited papers are those
affiliated with both Big Tech and Academia. Focusing on the most contagious
memes, their attribution to specific affiliation groups (Big Tech, Academia,
mixed affiliation) seems to be equally distributed between those three groups.
This suggests that the notion of Big Tech domination over AI research is
oversimplified in the discourse.
Ultimately, this more nuanced understanding of Big Tech's and Academia's
influence could inform a more symbiotic alliance between these stakeholders
which would better serve the dual goals of societal welfare and the scientific
integrity of AI research.

本文旨在拓宽和深化我们对大型科技公司对人工智能研究领域的主导地位和影响力的理解。通过网络和迷因分析，我们揭示了大型科技公司对人工智能研究的具体影响之细微差别，并得出结果表明大型科技公司的主导地位在学术影响力方面被过度简化。这种更细致的理解有助于建立大型科技公司和学术界之间更为协调的联盟，以更好地服务社会福祉和人工智能研究的科学完整性。

重新审视大型科技公司对人工智能研究的影响：从思想归属到机构关联的模因分析

Big Tech influence over AI research revisited: memetic analysis of  attribution of ideas to affiliation

The exponential growth in user acquisition and popularity of ChatGPT, an
artificial intelligence(AI) powered chatbot, was accompanied by widespread
mainstream media coverage. This article presents a quantitative data analysis
of the early trends and sentiments revealed by conducting text mining and NLP
methods onto a corpus of 10,902 mainstream news headlines related to the
subject of ChatGPT and artificial intelligence, from the launch of ChatGPT in
November 2022 to March 2023. The findings revealed in sentiment analysis,
ChatGPT and artificial intelligence, were perceived more positively than
negatively in the mainstream media. In regards to word frequency results, over
sixty-five percent of the top frequency words were focused on Big Tech issues
and actors while topics such as jobs, diversity, ethics, copyright, gender and
women were poorly represented or completely absent and only accounted for six
percent of the total corpus. This article is a critical analysis into the power
structures and collusions between Big Tech and Big Media in their matrix of
domination.

本文通过对 10902 篇有关 ChatGPT 人工智能聊天机器人与技术的主流新闻标题的文本挖掘及自然语言处理的定量数据分析，发现 ChatGPT 和人工智能在主流媒体中的情感分析结果更积极，但新闻标题中超过 65% 的高频率的词汇都是关于大型科技公司和行业问题，例如安全、监管和监督，而就业、人种多样性、伦理、版权、性别和女性等主题则极少被提及，本文为大科技公司和大媒体之间权力结构和勾结的严格分析。

主流媒体中的 ChatGPT 分析：情感分析和词频分析的初步定量见解

Mapping ChatGPT in Mainstream Media: Early Quantitative Insights through  Sentiment Analysis and Word Frequency Analysis

As governmental bodies rely on academics' expert advice to shape policy
regarding Artificial Intelligence, it is important that these academics not
have conflicts of interests that may cloud or bias their judgement. Our work
explores how Big Tech can actively distort the academic landscape to suit its
needs. By comparing the well-studied actions of another industry (Big Tobacco)
to the current actions of Big Tech we see similar strategies employed by both
industries. These strategies enable either industry to sway and influence
academic and public discourse. We examine the funding of academic research as a
tool used by Big Tech to put forward a socially responsible public image,
influence events hosted by and decisions made by funded universities, influence
the research questions and plans of individual scientists, and discover
receptive academics who can be leveraged. We demonstrate how Big Tech can
affect academia from the institutional level down to individual researchers.
Thus, we believe that it is vital, particularly for universities and other
institutions of higher learning, to discuss the appropriateness and the
tradeoffs of accepting funding from Big Tech, and what limitations or
conditions should be put in place.

本文探讨了大型科技公司利用资助学术研究的方式来影响传播和公共话语，并比较了 Big Tobacco 和 Big Tech 在此方面的类似策略和作用。因此，我们认为有必要讨论是否应该接受 Big Tech 的资助，以及应该制定什么样的限制或条件。