Fake news has emerged as a critical global issue, magnified by the COVID-19
pandemic, underscoring the need for effective preventive tools. Leveraging
machine learning, including deep learning techniques, offers promise in
combatting fake news. This paper goes beyond by establishing BERT as the
superior model for fake news detection and demonstrates its utility as a tool
to empower the general populace. We have implemented a browser extension,
enhanced with explainability features, enabling real-time identification of
fake news and delivering easily interpretable explanations. To achieve this, we
have employed two publicly available datasets and created seven distinct data
configurations to evaluate three prominent machine learning architectures. Our
comprehensive experiments affirm BERT's exceptional accuracy in detecting
COVID-19-related fake news. Furthermore, we have integrated an explainability
component into the BERT model and deployed it as a service through Amazon's
cloud API hosting (AWS). We have developed a browser extension that interfaces
with the API, allowing users to select and transmit data from web pages,
receiving an intelligible classification in return. This paper presents a
practical end-to-end solution, highlighting the feasibility of constructing a
holistic system for fake news detection, which can significantly benefit
society.

使用机器学习和 BERT 模型作为工具，通过实时检测和解释性功能，辨别 COVID-19 相关的假新闻，为用户提供可理解的分类结果。

COVIDFakeExplainer：一种基于可解释机器学习的用于检测 COVID-19 虚假新闻的 Web 应用程序

COVIDFakeExplainer: An Explainable Machine Learning based Web  Application for Detecting COVID-19 Fake News

The extraction of main content from web pages is an important task for
numerous applications, ranging from usability aspects, like reader views for
news articles in web browsers, to information retrieval or natural language
processing. Existing approaches are lacking as they rely on large amounts of
hand-crafted features for classification. This results in models that are
tailored to a specific distribution of web pages, e.g. from a certain time
frame, but lack in generalization power. We propose a neural sequence labeling
model that does not rely on any hand-crafted features but takes only the HTML
tags and words that appear in a web page as input. This allows us to present a
browser extension which highlights the content of arbitrary web pages directly
within the browser using our model. In addition, we create a new, more current
dataset to show that our model is able to adapt to changes in the structure of
web pages and outperform the state-of-the-art model.

提取网页主要内容，是许多应用的重要任务，现有方法依赖于大量的手工特征分类。我们提出了一种基于神经序列标注模型的方法，其不依赖于任何手工特征，而是将网页中出现的 HTML 标签和单词作为输入。我们创建了一个新的数据集，并基于我们的模型开发了浏览器扩展，以直接在浏览器中突出显示任意网页的内容。同时，我们的模型可以适应网页结构的变化，并优于现有最先进的模型。

神经序列标注模型用于去除样板文件

Boilerplate Removal using a Neural Sequence Labeling Model

Most of the online news media outlets rely heavily on the revenues generated
from the clicks made by their readers, and due to the presence of numerous such
outlets, they need to compete with each other for reader attention. To attract
the readers to click on an article and subsequently visit the media site, the
outlets often come up with catchy headlines accompanying the article links,
which lure the readers to click on the link. Such headlines are known as
Clickbaits. While these baits may trick the readers into clicking, in the long
run, clickbaits usually don't live up to the expectation of the readers, and
leave them disappointed.
In this work, we attempt to automatically detect clickbaits and then build a
browser extension which warns the readers of different media sites about the
possibility of being baited by such headlines. The extension also offers each
reader an option to block clickbaits she doesn't want to see. Then, using such
reader choices, the extension automatically blocks similar clickbaits during
her future visits. We run extensive offline and online experiments across
multiple media sites and find that the proposed clickbait detection and the
personalized blocking approaches perform very well achieving 93% accuracy in
detecting and 89% accuracy in blocking clickbaits.

本文旨在自动识别点击诱饵，并建立一个浏览器扩展程序，警告读者不被点击诱饵欺骗，同时提供屏蔽点击诱饵选项。运行离线和在线实验，发现所提出的点击诱饵检测和个性化屏蔽方法表现良好，可以达到 93% 的识别率和 89% 的屏蔽率。