Breast cancer molecular subtypes classification plays an import role to sort
patients with divergent prognosis. The biomarkers used are Estrogen Receptor
(ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), HER2, and Ki67. Based on these biomarkers
expression levels, subtypes are classified as Luminal A (LA), Luminal B (LB),
HER2 subtype, and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Immunohistochemistry is
used to classify subtypes, although interlaboratory and interobserver
variations can affect its accuracy, besides being a time-consuming technique.
The Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy may be coupled with deep
learning for cancer evaluation, where there is still a lack of studies for
subtypes and biomarker levels prediction. This study presents a novel 2D deep
learning approach to achieve these predictions. Sixty micro-FTIR images of
320x320 pixels were collected from a human breast biopsies microarray. Data
were clustered by K-means, preprocessed and 32x32 patches were generated using
a fully automated approach. CaReNet-V2, a novel convolutional neural network,
was developed to classify breast cancer (CA) vs adjacent tissue (AT) and
molecular subtypes, and to predict biomarkers level. The clustering method
enabled to remove non-tissue pixels. Test accuracies for CA vs AT and subtype
were above 0.84. The model enabled the prediction of ER, PR, and HER2 levels,
where borderline values showed lower performance (minimum accuracy of 0.54).
Ki67 percentage regression demonstrated a mean error of 3.6%. Thus, CaReNet-V2
is a potential technique for breast cancer biopsies evaluation, standing out as
a screening analysis technique and helping to prioritize patients.

该研究使用基于傅立叶变换红外显微光谱和深度学习的二维模型 CaReNet-V2 进行乳腺癌的分类和生物标志物水平预测，通过对 60 个乳腺活检样本进行图像采集和处理，达到对乳腺癌分子亚型和生物标志物水平的准确预测，有望成为乳腺癌活检的筛查分析技术并帮助优先治疗患者。

双通道卷积神经网络利用微傅里叶红外光谱成像来预测乳腺癌亚型及生物标志物水平：雌激素受体、孕激素受体、HER2 和 Ki67

Dual-path convolutional neural network using micro-FTIR imaging to  predict breast cancer subtypes and biomarkers levels: estrogen receptor,  progesterone receptor, HER2 and Ki67