Deploying deep learning models in real-world certified systems requires the
ability to provide confidence estimates that accurately reflect their
uncertainty. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of the conformal prediction
framework to construct reliable and trustworthy predictors for detecting
railway signals. Our approach is based on a novel dataset that includes images
taken from the perspective of a train operator and state-of-the-art object
detectors. We test several conformal approaches and introduce a new method
based on conformal risk control. Our findings demonstrate the potential of the
conformal prediction framework to evaluate model performance and provide
practical guidance for achieving formally guaranteed uncertainty bounds.

本文介绍了一种基于符合性预测的可靠和可信预测器的使用，以便于在实际场景中部署深度学习模型，并提供能够准确反映其不确定性的置信度估计。作者结合新颖的数据集和现代化的目标检测器反复测试了几种符合性方法，并基于符合风险控制提出了新的方法，以此为目的，展示出符合性预测框架在评估模型性能和为实现正式保证的不确定性边界提供实际指导的潜力。