While ChatGPT may help students to learn to program, it can be misused to do
plagiarism, a breach of academic integrity. Students can ask ChatGPT to
complete a programming task, generating a solution from other people's work
without proper acknowledgment of the source(s). To help address this new kind
of plagiarism, we performed a controlled experiment measuring the inappropriate
benefits of using ChatGPT in terms of completion time and programming
performance. We also reported how to manually identify programs aided with
ChatGPT (via student behavior while using ChatGPT) and student perspective of
ChatGPT (via a survey). Seventeen students participated in the experiment. They
were asked to complete two programming tests. They were divided into two groups
per the test: one group should complete the test without help while the other
group should complete it with ChatGPT. Our study shows that students with
ChatGPT complete programming tests two times faster than those without ChatGPT,
though their programming performance is comparable. The generated code is
highly efficient and uses complex data structures like lists and dictionaries.
Based on the survey results, ChatGPT is recommended to be used as an assistant
to complete programming tasks and other general assignments. ChatGPT will be
beneficial as a reference as other search engines do. Logical and critical
thinking are needed to validate the result presented by ChatGPT.

ChatGPT 的使用会加速编程测试的完成速度，为学生提供参考代码，但存在学术诚信问题和可能的抄袭风险。