Many different worldwide initiatives are promoting the transformation from
machine dominant manufacturing to digital manufacturing. Thus, to achieve a
successful transformation to Industry 4.0 standard, manufacturing enterprises
are required to implement a clear roadmap. However, Small and Medium
Manufacturing Enterprises (SMEs) encounter many barriers and difficulties
(economical, technical, cultural, etc.) in the implementation of Industry 4.0.
Although several works deal with the incorporation of Industry 4.0 technologies
in the area of the product and supply chain life cycles, which SMEs could use
as reference, this is not the case for the customer life cycle. Thus, we
present two contributions that can help the software engineers of those SMEs to
incorporate Industry 4.0 technologies in the context of the customer life
cycle. The first contribution is a methodology that can help those software
engineers in the task of creating new software services, aligned with Industry
4.0, that allow to change how customers interact with enterprises and the
experiences they have while interacting with them. The methodology details a
set of stages that are divided into phases which in turn are made up of
activities. It places special emphasis on the incorporation of semantics
descriptions and 3D visualization in the implementation of those new services.
The second contribution is a system developed for a real manufacturing
scenario, using the proposed methodology, which allows to observe the
possibilities that this kind of systems can offer to SMEs in two phases of the
customer life cycle: Discover & Shop, and Use & Service.

制造企业在实施工业 4.0 时遇到许多困难，我们提供了一种方法论和一个系统以帮助中小制造企业的软件工程师在客户生命周期中引入工业 4.0 技术，并特别强调了语义描述和 3D 可视化的重要性。