Federated Learning(FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning paradigm
where a global model is trained in-situ across a large number of distributed
edge devices. These systems are often comprised of millions of user devices and
only a subset of available devices can be used for training in each epoch.
Designing a device selection strategy is challenging, given that devices are
highly heterogeneous in both their system resources and training data. This
heterogeneity makes device selection very crucial for timely model convergence
and sufficient model accuracy. To tackle the FL client heterogeneity problem,
various client selection algorithms have been developed, showing promising
performance improvement in terms of model coverage and accuracy. In this work,
we study the overhead of client selection algorithms in a large scale FL
environment. Then we propose an efficient data distribution summary calculation
algorithm to reduce the overhead in a real-world large scale FL environment.
The evaluation shows that our proposed solution could achieve up to 30x
reduction in data summary time, and up to 360x reduction in clustering time.

在大规模 FL 环境中，本研究旨在研究客户端选择算法的开销，并提出一种高效的数据分布摘要计算算法来减少开销。评估结果显示，我们的解决方案在数据摘要时间上能够实现 30 倍的降低，聚类时间上能够实现 360 倍的降低。