We introduce $k$-nearest-neighbor machine translation ($k$NN-MT), which
predicts tokens with a nearest neighbor classifier over a large datastore of
cached examples, using representations from a neural translation model for
similarity search. This approach requires no additional training and scales to
give the decoder direct access to billions of examples at test time, resulting
in a highly expressive model that consistently improves performance across many
settings. Simply adding nearest neighbor search improves a state-of-the-art
German-English translation model by 1.5 BLEU. $k$NN-MT allows a single model to
be adapted to diverse domains by using a domain-specific datastore, improving
results by an average of 9.2 BLEU over zero-shot transfer, and achieving new
state-of-the-art results -- without training on these domains. A massively
multilingual model can also be specialized for particular language pairs, with
improvements of 3 BLEU for translating from English into German and Chinese.
Qualitatively, $k$NN-MT is easily interpretable; it combines source and target
context to retrieve highly relevant examples.

本研究提出 $k$- 最近邻机器翻译方法，基于神经翻译模型的表示进行相似性搜索，不需要额外训练，适用于广泛的场景，并且可以通过使用特定于域的数据存储库来适应不同的领域，显著提高翻译性能。