Most existing approaches to disfluency detection heavily rely on
human-annotated data, which is expensive to obtain in practice. To tackle the
training data bottleneck, we investigate methods for combining multiple
self-supervised tasks-i.e., supervised tasks where data can be collected
without manual labeling. First, we construct large-scale pseudo training data
by randomly adding or deleting words from unlabeled news data, and propose two
self-supervised pre-training tasks: (i) tagging task to detect the added noisy
words. (ii) sentence classification to distinguish original sentences from
grammatically-incorrect sentences. We then combine these two tasks to jointly
train a network. The pre-trained network is then fine-tuned using
human-annotated disfluency detection training data. Experimental results on the
commonly used English Switchboard test set show that our approach can achieve
competitive performance compared to the previous systems (trained using the
full dataset) by using less than 1% (1000 sentences) of the training data. Our
method trained on the full dataset significantly outperforms previous methods,
reducing the error by 21% on English Switchboard.

本文针对训练数据短缺的问题，提出了使用自监督方法结合无标注数据构建伪训练数据进行预训练，并利用有标注的训练数据进行微调的方法，达到了使用少量数据在英语 Switchboard 数据集上与之前使用全数据进行训练的系统表现相当的结果。使用全数据进行训练时，我们的方法可将误差降低 21%。