We revisit the notion of individual fairness proposed by Dwork et al. A
central challenge in operationalizing their approach is the difficulty in
eliciting a human specification of a similarity metric. In this paper, we
propose an operationalization of individual fairness that does not rely on a
human specification of a distance metric. Instead, we propose novel approaches
to elicit and leverage side-information on equally deserving individuals to
counter subordination between social groups. We model this knowledge as a
fairness graph, and learn a unified Pairwise Fair Representation (PFR) of the
data that captures both data-driven similarity between individuals and the
pairwise side-information in fairness graph. We elicit fairness judgments from
a variety of sources, including human judgments for two real-world datasets on
recidivism prediction (COMPAS) and violent neighborhood prediction (Crime &
Communities). Our experiments show that the PFR model for operationalizing
individual fairness is practically viable.

本文提出不需要人工规范距离度量的个体公平性的实现方法。我们提出新的方法获取和利用关于同样值得的个人的附加信息来打破社会群体之间的剥夺，将这些知识建模为公平图，并学习数据的统一成对公平表示，捕捉个体间数据驱动的相似性和公平性图中成对附加信息。我们从各种来源获取公平判断，包括关于再犯率预测（COMPAS）和暴力社区预测（Crime＆Communities）的两个真实数据集的人类判断。实验显示，对于实现个体公平，PFR 模型是实际可行的。