In this paper, we present a novel approach to identify fallacies through
formal constraints, as a viable alternative to more traditional fallacy
classifications by informal criteria. To achieve this objective, we introduce a
novel argumentation model, the theme aspect argumentation model, which can do
both: modelling of a given argumentation as it is expressed (rhetoric
modelling); and deeper semantic analysis of the rhetoric argumentation model.
By the help of formal constraints on the theme aspect argumentation model, it
is for example possible to see if 'attack's which are claimed to be attacks at
the rhetoric level are really attacks. We present core formal constraints that
a reasonable argumentation should observe, and then more formal constraints
that improve fallacy identification capability. We show and prove consequences
of these formal constraints. We then define the concept of normal forms and
that of logico-rhetorical conclusion, which we use to demonstrate detection of
specific fallacies, informal and logical.

本文提出了一种新颖的方法来通过形式约束来识别谬误，引入了主题方面的论证模型，以对话语论证模型进行深层语义分析，可以看到声称是语言修辞攻击的攻击是否真的存在，并证明了这些形式化约束的结果。