The success of a disaster relief and response process is largely dependent on
timely and accurate information regarding the status of the disaster, the
surrounding environment, and the affected people. This information is primarily
provided by first responders on-site and can be enhanced by the firsthand
reports posted in real-time on social media. Many tools and methods have been
developed to automate disaster relief by extracting, analyzing, and visualizing
actionable information from social media. However, these methods are not well
integrated in the relief and response processes and the relation between the
two requires exposition for further advancement. In this survey, we review the
new frontier of intelligent disaster relief and response using social media,
show stages of disasters which are reflected on social media, establish a
connection between proposed methods based on social media and relief efforts by
first responders, and outline pressing challenges and future research
directions.

本文综述了利用社交媒体进行智能化灾难救援和响应的新前沿，研究了灾难的不同阶段在社交媒体上如何表现，建立了基于社交媒体的建议方法与首次救援组织之间的联系，并概述了当前挑战和未来研究方向。