Large language models (LLMs) are becoming more prevalent and have found a
ubiquitous use in providing different forms of writing assistance. However,
LLM-powered writing systems can frustrate users due to their limited
personalization and control, which can be exacerbated when users lack
experience with prompt engineering. We see design as one way to address these
challenges and introduce GhostWriter, an AI-enhanced writing design probe where
users can exercise enhanced agency and personalization. GhostWriter leverages
LLMs to learn the user's intended writing style implicitly as they write, while
allowing explicit teaching moments through manual style edits and annotations.
We study 18 participants who use GhostWriter on two different writing tasks,
observing that it helps users craft personalized text generations and empowers
them by providing multiple ways to control the system's writing style. From
this study, we present insights regarding people's relationship with
AI-assisted writing and offer design recommendations for future work.

GhostWriter 是一种使用大型语言模型 (LLM) 进行人工智能增强的写作设计探针，用户可以在写作过程中隐式地学习其预期写作风格，并通过手动样式编辑和注释实现显式教学，研究结果表明 GhostWriter 帮助用户个性化生成文本，通过提供多种方式控制系统的写作风格增强用户的能力，为未来的工作提供了设计建议。