This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements,
and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the
Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a powerful new high-luminosity
facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy
electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to those
regions in the nucleon and nuclei where their structure is dominated by gluons.
Moreover, polarized beams in the EIC will give unprecedented access to the
spatial and spin structure of the proton, neutron, and light ions. The studies
leading to this document were commissioned and organized by the EIC User Group
with the objective of advancing the state and detail of the physics program and
developing detector concepts that meet the emerging requirements in preparation
for the realization of the EIC. The effort aims to provide the basis for
further development of concepts for experimental equipment best suited for the
science needs, including the importance of two complementary detectors and
interaction regions.
This report consists of three volumes. Volume I is an executive summary of
our findings and developed concepts. In Volume II we describe studies of a wide
range of physics measurements and the emerging requirements on detector
acceptance and performance. Volume III discusses general-purpose detector
concepts and the underlying technologies to meet the physics requirements.
These considerations will form the basis for a world-class experimental program
that aims to increase our understanding of the fundamental structure of all
visible matter

本文介绍了电子 - 离子对撞机的物理情况，探讨了所需的探测器要求和不断发展的探测器概念，并就两种互补型探测器和相互作用区的重要性提出必要性，为构建更好的探测器提供基础。

电子离子对撞机的科学需求和探测器概念：EIC 黄皮书

Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion  Collider: EIC Yellow Report

We describe the construction of end-to-end jet image classifiers based on
simulated low-level detector data to discriminate quark- vs. gluon-initiated
jets with high-fidelity simulated CMS Open Data. We highlight the importance of
precise spatial information and demonstrate competitive performance to existing
state-of-the-art jet classifiers. We further generalize the end-to-end approach
to event-level classification of quark vs. gluon di-jet QCD events. We compare
the fully end-to-end approach to using hand-engineered features and demonstrate
that the end-to-end algorithm is robust against the effects of underlying event
and pile-up.

使用高保真模拟的 CMS 开放数据，构建以低级检测器数据为基础的端到端喷注图像分类器，可以区分以夸克 vs. 胶子引发的喷注；并将端到端方法泛化到夸克 vs. 胶子二喷注 QCD 事件的事件级分类中，与使用手工特征的方法进行对比，结果表明端到端算法对事件和堆积的影响具有很强的鲁棒性。