We study the limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) for the task of
response generation in human-machine dialogue. Several techniques have been
proposed in the literature for different dialogue types (e.g., Open-Domain).
However, the evaluations of these techniques have been limited in terms of base
LLMs, dialogue types and evaluation metrics. In this work, we extensively
analyze different LLM adaptation techniques when applied to different dialogue
types. We have selected two base LLMs, Llama-2 and Mistral, and four dialogue
types Open-Domain, Knowledge-Grounded, Task-Oriented, and Question Answering.
We evaluate the performance of in-context learning and fine-tuning techniques
across datasets selected for each dialogue type. We assess the impact of
incorporating external knowledge to ground the generation in both scenarios of
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and gold knowledge. We adopt consistent
evaluation and explainability criteria for automatic metrics and human
evaluation protocols. Our analysis shows that there is no universal
best-technique for adapting large language models as the efficacy of each
technique depends on both the base LLM and the specific type of dialogue. Last
but not least, the assessment of the best adaptation technique should include
human evaluation to avoid false expectations and outcomes derived from
automatic metrics.

研究了大型语言模型（LLMs）在人机对话中的回应生成任务中的限制及不同对话类型下的 LLM 适应技术的评估方法，发现没有普遍适用的最佳适应技术，包括人工评估以避免自动测量引起的不准确预期和结果。