The fifth generation of cellular communication systems is foreseen to enable
a multitude of new applications and use cases with very different requirements.
A new 5G multiservice air interface needs to enhance broadband performance as
well as provide new levels of reliability, latency and supported number of
users. In this paper we focus on the massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC)
service within a multi-service air interface. Specifically, we present an
overview of different physical and medium access techniques to address the
problem of a massive number of access attempts in mMTC and discuss the protocol
performance of these solutions in a common evaluation framework.

本文介绍了 5G 多业务空中接口下的 massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC) 服务，重点讨论了使用不同的物理技术和介质访问技术来解决 mMTC 中访问尝试数量巨大的问题，并在共同的评估框架下讨论了这些解决方案的协议性能。

5G 网络中支持可扩展的大规模物联网通信的实现

Towards Massive Connectivity Support for Scalable mMTC Communications in  5G networks

Large-scale deployments of massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC) involve
several challenges on cellular networks. To address the challenges of mMTC, or
more generally, Internet of Things (IoT), the 3rd Generation Partnership
Project has developed NarrowBand IoT (NB-IoT) as part of Release 13. NB-IoT is
designed to provide better indoor coverage, support of a massive number of
low-throughput devices, with relaxed delay requirements, and lower-energy
consumption. NB-IoT reuses Long Term Evolution functionality with
simplifications and optimizations. Particularly for small data transmissions,
NB-IoT specifies two procedures to reduce the required signaling: one of them
based on the Control Plane (CP), and the other on the User Plane (UP). In this
work, we provide an overview of these procedures as well as an evaluation of
their performance. The results of the energy consumption show both
optimizations achieve a battery lifetime extension of more than 2 years for a
large range in the considered cases, and up to 8 years for CP with good
coverage. In terms of cell capacity relative to SR, CP achieves gains from 26%
to 224%, and UP ranges from 36% to 165%. The comparison of CP and UP
optimizations yields similar results, except for some specific configurations.

本研究评估了 NarrowBand IoT 协议的优化在解决大规模的物联网通信中的挑战方面的性能，发现其在能量消耗和信道容量方面均明显优于基于控制面和用户面的传输优化方案。