Advances in generative AI (GenAI) have raised concerns about detecting and
discerning AI-generated content from human-generated content. Most existing
literature assumes a paradigm where 'expert' organized disinformation creators
and flawed AI models deceive 'ordinary' users. Based on longitudinal
ethnographic research with misinformation creators and consumers between
2022-2023, we instead find that GenAI supports bricolage work, where
non-experts increasingly use GenAI to remix, repackage, and (re)produce content
to meet their personal needs and desires. This research yielded four key
findings: First, participants primarily used GenAI for creation, rather than
truth-seeking. Second, a spreading 'influencer millionaire' narrative drove
participants to become content creators, using GenAI as a productivity tool to
generate a volume of (often misinformative) content. Third, GenAI lowered the
barrier to entry for content creation across modalities, enticing consumers to
become creators and significantly increasing existing creators' output.
Finally, participants used Gen AI to learn and deploy marketing tactics to
expand engagement and monetize their content. We argue for shifting analysis
from the public as consumers of AI content to bricoleurs who use GenAI
creatively, often without a detailed understanding of its underlying
technology. We analyze how these understudied emergent uses of GenAI produce
new or accelerated misinformation harms, and their implications for AI
products, platforms and policies.

鉴于生成式人工智能（GenAI）的进展引发了对检测和区分人工生成内容和人类生成内容的关注，本研究通过 2022 年至 2023 年的纵向民族志研究发现，GenAI 支持拼凑工作，即非专家越来越多地使用 GenAI 来重新混合、重新包装和（重新）生成内容以满足他们的个人需求和欲望。本研究得出了四个主要发现：首先，参与者主要使用 GenAI 进行创作，而不是寻求真相。其次，传播 “影响力百万富翁” 叙事推动参与者成为内容创作者，使用 GenAI 作为生产工具来生成大量（通常是误导性的）内容。第三，GenAI 降低了跨模态内容创作的门槛，吸引消费者成为创作者并显著增加现有创作者的产出。最后，参与者使用 GenAI 学习和使用营销策略来扩大参与度并将其内容商品化。我们主张将分析焦点从将公众视为 AI 内容的消费者转向将他们视为创作工者，他们在很大程度上无需了解其基础技术。我们分析了这些较少研究的 GenAI 新兴用途如何产生新的或加速的误导危害，并探讨了它们对 AI 产品、平台和政策的影响。