Knowledge Graphs (KGs) play a pivotal role in advancing various AI
applications, with the semantic web community's exploration into multi-modal
dimensions unlocking new avenues for innovation. In this survey, we carefully
review over 300 articles, focusing on KG-aware research in two principal
aspects: KG-driven Multi-Modal (KG4MM) learning, where KGs support multi-modal
tasks, and Multi-Modal Knowledge Graph (MM4KG), which extends KG studies into
the MMKG realm. We begin by defining KGs and MMKGs, then explore their
construction progress. Our review includes two primary task categories:
KG-aware multi-modal learning tasks, such as Image Classification and Visual
Question Answering, and intrinsic MMKG tasks like Multi-modal Knowledge Graph
Completion and Entity Alignment, highlighting specific research trajectories.
For most of these tasks, we provide definitions, evaluation benchmarks, and
additionally outline essential insights for conducting relevant research.
Finally, we discuss current challenges and identify emerging trends, such as
progress in Large Language Modeling and Multi-modal Pre-training strategies.
This survey aims to serve as a comprehensive reference for researchers already
involved in or considering delving into KG and multi-modal learning research,
offering insights into the evolving landscape of MMKG research and supporting
future work.

本综述对 300 篇以上的文章进行了仔细审查，重点关注了两个主要方面的知识图谱 (KG) 相关研究，即 KG 驱动的多模式学习和多模式知识图谱 (MMKG)，通过定义 KG 和 MMKG，探讨了它们的构建进展，以及 KG 驱动的多模式学习任务和 MMKG 任务，为相关研究提供了定义、评估基准和关键见解，最后讨论了当前的挑战和新兴趋势，如大型语言模型和多模式预训练策略的进展。本综述旨在作为 KG 和多模式学习研究领域的全面参考，为已经参与或考虑进行 KG 和多模式学习研究的研究人员提供洞察力，支持未来的工作。