As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes pervasive in most fields, from
healthcare to autonomous driving, it is essential that we find successful ways
of building morality into our machines, especially for decision-making.
However, the question of what it means to be moral is still debated,
particularly in the context of AI. In this paper, we highlight the different
aspects that should be considered when building moral agents, including the
most relevant moral paradigms and challenges. We also discuss the top-down and
bottom-up approaches to design and the role of emotion and sentience in
morality. We then propose solutions including a hybrid approach to design and a
hierarchical approach to combining moral paradigms. We emphasize how governance
and policy are becoming ever more critical in AI Ethics and in ensuring that
the tasks we set for moral agents are attainable, that ethical behavior is
achieved, and that we obtain good AI.

通过强调人工智能的伦理和道德行为在决策方面的关键作用，本文讨论了在构建具有道德性的机器时需要考虑的不同方面，包括最相关的道德范式和挑战。我们还讨论了自上而下和自下而上的设计方法以及情感和知觉在道德中的作用，并提出了融合道德范式的混合方法和分层方法的解决方案，强调治理与政策在人工智能伦理学中的关键性，并确保我们为道德机器设置的任务是可实现的，实现了道德行为并获得了优秀的人工智能。