Diffusion models have advanced generative AI significantly in terms of
editing and creating naturalistic images. However, efficiently improving
generated image quality is still of paramount interest. In this context, we
propose a generic "naturalness" preserving loss function, viz., kurtosis
concentration (KC) loss, which can be readily applied to any standard diffusion
model pipeline to elevate the image quality. Our motivation stems from the
projected kurtosis concentration property of natural images, which states that
natural images have nearly constant kurtosis values across different band-pass
versions of the image. To retain the "naturalness" of the generated images, we
enforce reducing the gap between the highest and lowest kurtosis values across
the band-pass versions (e.g., Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT)) of images. Note
that our approach does not require any additional guidance like classifier or
classifier-free guidance to improve the image quality. We validate the proposed
approach for three diverse tasks, viz., (1) personalized few-shot finetuning
using text guidance, (2) unconditional image generation, and (3) image
super-resolution. Integrating the proposed KC loss has improved the perceptual
quality across all these tasks in terms of both FID, MUSIQ score, and user
evaluation.

提出一种广义的 “自然度” 保持损失函数，即峭度集中（KC）损失，可用于任何标准扩散模型管道，以提高图像质量，并在个性化少样本微调、无条件图像生成和图像超分辨率等任务中验证其有效性。