Recent developments in natural language generation (NLG) using neural
language models have brought us closer than ever to the goal of building
AI-powered creative writing tools. However, most prior work on human-AI
collaboration in the creative writing domain has evaluated new systems with
amateur writers, typically in contrived user studies of limited scope. In this
work, we commissioned 13 professional, published writers from a diverse set of
creative writing backgrounds to craft stories using Wordcraft, a text editor
with built-in AI-powered writing assistance tools. Using interviews and
participant journals, we discuss the potential of NLG to have significant
impact in the creative writing domain--especially with respect to
brainstorming, generation of story details, world-building, and research
assistance. Experienced writers, more so than amateurs, typically have
well-developed systems and methodologies for writing, as well as distinctive
voices and target audiences. Our work highlights the challenges in building for
these writers; NLG technologies struggle to preserve style and authorial voice,
and they lack deep understanding of story contents. In order for AI-powered
writing assistants to realize their full potential, it is essential that they
take into account the diverse goals and expertise of human writers.

本文研究了使用 AI 技术辅助创作的自然语言生成（NLG）模型，并邀请了 13 位专业作家来尝试使用 Wordcraft，这个内置 AI 辅助撰写工具的文本编辑器。结果显示 NLG 工具在创作过程的脑暴、描写细节、建立故事世界和研究文本方面具有很大的潜力。但由于 NLG 技术在保留风格、语调和理解故事内容等方面存在困难，因此建立一个合适的作家个性化 NLG 辅助工具是非常有挑战性的。