OTTR is a language for representing ontology modeling patterns, which enables
to build ontologies or knowledge bases by instantiating templates. Thereby,
particularities of the ontological representation language are hidden from the
domain experts, and it enables ontology engineers to, to some extent, separate
the processes of deciding about what information to model from deciding about
how to model the information, e.g., which design patterns to use. Certain
decisions can thus be postponed for the benefit of focusing on one of these
processes. To date, only few works on ontology engineering where ontology
templates are applied are described in the literature.
In this paper, we outline our methodology and report findings from our
ontology engineering activities in the domain of Material Science. In these
activities, OTTR templates play a key role. Our ontology engineering process is
bottom-up, as we begin modeling activities from existing data that is then, via
templates, fed into a knowledge graph, and it is top-down, as we first focus on
which data to model and postpone the decision of how to model the data.
We find, among other things, that OTTR templates are especially useful as a
means of communication with domain experts. Furthermore, we find that because
OTTR templates encapsulate modeling decisions, the engineering process becomes
flexible, meaning that design decisions can be changed at little cost.

用 OTTR 模板表示本体模型模式，通过实例化模板来构建本体或知识库，隐藏了本体表示语言的特定性，使本体工程师能够从某种程度上将信息建模的决策与信息建模的方式（例如，使用哪些设计模式）的决策分开，可以延迟某些决策以便更专注于这些过程，本文概述了我们在材料科学领域的本体工程活动的方法论和研究结果，OTTR 模板在这些活动中起着关键作用，我们的本体工程过程自下而上，从现有数据进行建模活动，然后通过模板将数据输入到知识图中，同时也是自上而下的，首先关注要建模的数据，将数据建模的方式推迟，我们发现，OTTR 模板在与领域专家进行沟通方面特别有用，此外，由于 OTTR 模板封装了建模决策，工程过程具有灵活性，意味着设计决策可以以很小的代价进行更改。