Social media is an easy-to-access platform providing timely updates about
societal trends and events. Discussions regarding epidemic-related events such
as infections, symptoms, and social interactions can be crucial for informing
policymaking during epidemic outbreaks. In our work, we pioneer exploiting
Event Detection (ED) for better preparedness and early warnings of any upcoming
epidemic by developing a framework to extract and analyze epidemic-related
events from social media posts. To this end, we curate an epidemic event
ontology comprising seven disease-agnostic event types and construct a Twitter
dataset SPEED with human-annotated events focused on the COVID-19 pandemic.
Experimentation reveals how ED models trained on COVID-based SPEED can
effectively detect epidemic events for three unseen epidemics of Monkeypox,
Zika, and Dengue; while models trained on existing ED datasets fail miserably.
Furthermore, we show that reporting sharp increases in the extracted events by
our framework can provide warnings 4-9 weeks earlier than the WHO epidemic
declaration for Monkeypox. This utility of our framework lays the foundations
for better preparedness against emerging epidemics.

社交媒体为时事趋势和事件提供了便捷获取信息的平台，我们通过开发一个提取和分析社交媒体帖子中流行病相关事件的框架，利用事件检测技术实现更好的灾害预防和预警，为新兴流行病的应对提供了基础。

社交媒体事件检测与疫情预测

Event Detection from Social Media for Epidemic Prediction

The present study explored managerial and instructor perceptions of their
freshly employed cybersecurity workers' or students' preparedness to work
effectively in a changing cybersecurity environment that includes AI tools.
Specifically, we related perceptions of technical preparedness to ethical,
systems thinking, and communication skills. We found that managers and
professors perceive preparedness to use AI tools in cybersecurity to be
significantly associated with all three non-technical skill sets. Most
important, ethics is a clear leader in the network of relationships. Contrary
to expectations that ethical concerns are left behind in the rush to adopt the
most advanced AI tools in security, both higher education instructors and
managers appreciate their role and see them closely associated with technical
prowess. Another significant finding is that professors over-estimate students'
preparedness for ethical, system thinking, and communication abilities compared
to IT managers' perceptions of their newly employed IT workers.

该研究探讨了经理和教员对于新加入的网络安全员工或学生在包含人工智能工具的不断变化的网络安全环境中的有效工作准备情况的看法，并将技术准备情况与伦理、系统思维和沟通技能关联起来。结果显示，经理和教员认为在网络安全中使用人工智能工具的准备情况与这三项非技术技能集密切相关，其中伦理是关系网络中的重要因素。与在追求采用最先进的人工智能工具时忽略伦理问题的预期相反，高等教育教员和经理都认识到伦理在其中的作用，并认为伦理与技术能力密切相关。另一个重要发现是，教员对学生在伦理、系统思维和沟通能力方面的准备情况过高估计了，与此相比，IT 经理对于新加入的 IT 员工的看法则相对较低。