Text-to-image generation has seen an explosion of interest since 2021. Today,
beautiful and intriguing digital images and artworks can be synthesized from
textual inputs ("prompts") with deep generative models. Online communities
around text-to-image generation and AI generated art have quickly emerged. This
paper identifies six types of prompt modifiers used by practitioners in the
online community based on a 3-month ethnographic study. The novel taxonomy of
prompt modifiers provides researchers a conceptual starting point for
investigating the practice of text-to-image generation, but may also help
practitioners of AI generated art improve their images. We further outline how
prompt modifiers are applied in the practice of "prompt engineering." We
discuss research opportunities of this novel creative practice in the field of
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). The paper concludes with a discussion of
broader implications of prompt engineering from the perspective of Human-AI
Interaction (HAI) in future applications beyond the use case of text-to-image
generation and AI generated art.

该论文针对文本生成图片技术进行了 3 个月的民族志研究，提出了 6 种不同类型的文本提示修饰符及其工程应用，为人们研究文本生成图片技术提供了新的分类学概念和启示。同时，该研究还探讨了这一创意实践在人机交互领域以及文本生成图片等人工智能生成艺术领域中的应用前景和广泛意义。