Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) have emerged as a powerful representation for
the task of novel view synthesis due to their simplicity and state-of-the-art
performance. Though NeRF can produce photorealistic renderings of unseen
viewpoints when many input views are available, its performance drops
significantly when this number is reduced. We observe that the majority of
artifacts in sparse input scenarios are caused by errors in the estimated scene
geometry, and by divergent behavior at the start of training. We address this
by regularizing the geometry and appearance of patches rendered from unobserved
viewpoints, and annealing the ray sampling space during training. We
additionally use a normalizing flow model to regularize the color of unobserved
viewpoints. Our model outperforms not only other methods that optimize over a
single scene, but in many cases also conditional models that are extensively
pre-trained on large multi-view datasets.

我们通过正则化几何和外观来解决 NeRF 在输入视图位数较少时的性能下降问题，同时在训练期间通过退火光线采样间隔和使用正则化流模型来处理未观察到视点的颜色，从而得到了一种可超过其他方法的模型。